COMPUTER GRAPHICS

UNIT I

Introduction: Image Processing as Picture Analysis, The Advantages of Interactive Graphics, Representative Uses of Computer Graphics, Classification of Applications, Development of Hardware and Software for Computer Graphics, Conceptual Framework for Interactive Graphics, Drawing With SRGP, Basic Interaction Handling, Raster Graphics Features, Limitations of SRGP.

UNIT II

Basic Raster Graphics Algorithms For Drawing 2D Primitives: Overview, Scan Converting Lines, Scan Converting Circles, Scan Converting Ellipses, Filling Rectangles, Filling Polygons, Filling Ellipse Arcs, Pattern Filling, Thick Primitives, Line Style and Pen Style, Clipping in a Raster World, Clipping Lines, Clipping Circles and Ellipses, Clipping Polygons, Generating  Characters, SRGP_Copy Pixel, Antialiasing.

UNIT III

Geometrical Transformations: 2D Transformations, Homogeneous Coordinates and Matrix Representation of 2D Transformations, Composition of 2D Transformations, The Window-to-Viewport Transformation, Efficiency, Matrix Representation of 3D Transformations, Composition of 3D Transformations, Transformation as a change in Coordinate System, Viewing in 3D: Projections, Specifying an Arbitrary 3D View, Examples of 3D Viewing, The Mathematics of Planar Geometric Projections, Implementing Planar Geometric Projections, Coordinate Systems.

UNIT IV

Object Hierarchy and Simple PHIGS(SPHIGS): Geometric Modeling, Characteristics of Retained-Mode Graphics Packages, Defining and Displaying Structures, Modeling Transformations, Hierarchical Structure Networks, Matrix Composition in Display Traversal, Appearance-Attribute Handling in Hierarchy, Screen Updating and Rendering Modes, Structure Network Editing for Dynamic Effects, Interaction, Additional Output Features, Implementation Issues, Optimizing Display of Hierarchical Models, Limitations of Hierarchical Modeling in PHIGS, Alternative Forms of Hierarchical Modeling, Input Devices, Interaction Techniques, and Interaction Tasks: Interaction Hardware, Basic Interaction Tasks, Composite Interaction Tasks.

UNIT V

Representing Curves and Surfaces: Polygon Meshes, Parametric Cubic Curves, Parametric Bicubic Surfaces, Quadratic Surfaces.

UNIT VI

Solid Modeling: Representing Solids, Regularized Boolean Set Operations, Primitive Instancing, Sweep Representations, Boundary Representations, Spatial-Partitioning Representations, Constructive Solid Geometry, Comparison of Representations, User Interfaces for Solid Modeling.

UNIT VII

Achromatic Light and Colored Light:  Achromatic Light, Chromatic Color, Color Models for Raster Graphics, Reproducing Color, Using Color in Computer Graphics.

UNIT VIII

Illumination and Shading: Illumination Models, Shading Models for Polygons, Surface Detail, Shadows , Transparency, Interobject Reflections, Physically Based Illumination Models, Extended Light Sources, Spectral Sampling, Improving the Camera Model, Global Illumination Algorithms, Recursive Ray Tracing, Radiosity Methods, The Rendering Pipeline.

TEXT BOOKS:

1.Computer Graphics Principles and Practice, Second Edition in C, James D.Foley, Andries Van Dam,  Steven K.Feiner, Jhon F.Hughes, Pearson Education.

2.Computer Graphics C version, Donald Hearn and M. Pauline Baker, Pearson Education.

REFERENCES:

1.Computer Graphics Second edition, Zhigand xiang, Roy Plastock, Schaum’s Outlines, Tata  Mc Graw Hill.

2.Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics, Neuman and Sproul, TMH.

3.Principles of Computer Graphics, Shalini, Govil-Pai, Springer.

4.Computer Graphics, Steven Harrington, TMH .